1. Phula
Ubungakanani bomanzi obuhanjiswa yimpompo ngexesha leyunithi libizwa ngokuba yi-flow.Inokubonakaliswa ngokuhamba kwevolumu qv, kunye neyunithi eqhelekileyo yi-m3 / s, m3 / h okanye i-L / s; Inokubonakaliswa ngokuhamba kobunzima qm , kunye neyunithi eqhelekileyo i-kg/s okanye i-kg/h.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kokuhamba kobunzima kunye nokuhamba komthamo:
qm=pqv
Apho, p — ingxinano yolwelo kwiqondo lobushushu lokuziswa, kg/m ³.
Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa imichiza kunye neemfuno zomenzi, ukuhamba kweempompo zekhemikhali kunokuchazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ① Uqukuqelo oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza kukuhamba okufunekayo ukufikelela kwisikali sawo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza kwemveliso yemichiza.② Ubuninzi bokuhamba okufunekayo kunye nokuhamba okuncinci okufunekayo Xa iimeko zokuvelisa imichiza ziguquka, ubuninzi kunye nobuncinci bokuhamba kwempompo efunekayo.
③ Ukugeleza okukayilwayo kwempompo kuya kumiselwa kwaye kuqinisekiswe ngumenzi wempompo.Oku kuhamba kuya kulingana okanye kukhulu kunomqukuqelo oqhelekileyo wokusebenza, kwaye kuya kumiselwa ngoqwalaselo olupheleleyo lolona qukuqelo luphezulu kunye nobuncinci.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhamba okulinganiselwe kwempompo kukhulu kunokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, okanye nokuba kulingane nokuhamba okuphezulu okufunekayo.
④ Ubuninzi bokuhamba okuvumelekileyo Ixabiso eliphezulu lokuhamba kwempompo eligqitywe ngumenzi ngokokusebenza kwempompo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lwamandla olwakhiwo kunye namandla omqhubi.Eli xabiso lokuhamba kufuneka ngokubanzi libe likhulu kunobuninzi bomqukuqelo ofunekayo.
⑤ Ubuncinci bokuhamba okuvumelekileyo Ixabiso elincinci lokuhamba kwempompo eligqitywe ngumvelisi ngokokusebenza kwempompo ukuqinisekisa ukuba impompo inokukhupha ulwelo ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ngokuzinzileyo, kwaye ubushushu bempompo, ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo ziphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo.Eli xabiso lokuhamba kufuneka ngokubanzi libe ngaphantsi kobuncinane bomqukuqelo obufunekayo.
2. Uxinzelelo lokukhupha
Uxinzelelo lokukhupha lubhekisa kumandla oxinzelelo lulonke (kwiMPa) yolwelo oluzisiweyo emva kokudlula kwimpompo.Luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuba umpompo unokugqiba umsebenzi wokuhambisa ulwelo.Kwiimpompo zekhemikhali, uxinzelelo lokukhutshwa lunokuchaphazela inkqubela eqhelekileyo yokuveliswa kweekhemikhali.Ngoko ke, uxinzelelo lokukhutshwa kwempompo yeekhemikhali luchongwa ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yeekhemikhali.
Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa imichiza kunye neemfuno zomenzi, uxinzelelo lokukhutshwa luneendlela zokubonisa ezilandelayo.
① Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza, Uxinzelelo lokukhupha impompo olufunekayo kwimveliso yeekhemikhali phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza.
② Uxinzelelo olukhulu lokukhupha, Xa iimeko zemveliso yeekhemikhali zitshintsha, uxinzelelo lokukhupha impompo olufunwa ziimeko zokusebenza ezinokwenzeka.
③Uxinzelelo lokukhupha olulinganisiweyo, uxinzelelo lokukhupha luchaziwe kwaye luqinisekiswe ngumvelisi.Uxinzelelo lokukhupha olulinganisiweyo luyakulingana okanye lube lukhulu kunoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza.Kwimpompo ye-vane, uxinzelelo lokukhupha luya kuba luhamba oluphezulu.
④ Ubuninzi boxinzelelo lokukhupha oluvumelekileyo Umenzi umisela uxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokukhupha lwempompo ngokokusebenza kwempompo, amandla olwakhiwo, amandla ashukumisayo, njl njl. iya kuba ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza kwiindawo zoxinzelelo lwempompo.
3. Intloko yamandla
Intloko yamandla (intloko okanye intloko yamandla) yempompo kukunyuswa kwamandla olwelo lobunzima beyunithi ukusuka kwindawo yokungena impompo (iflange yokungena impompo) ukuya kwindawo yokuphuma yempompo (iflange yokuphuma impompo), oko kukuthi, amandla asebenzayo afunyenwe emva Ubunzima beyunithi yolwelo budlula kwimpompo λ Ibonakaliswa nge-J/kg.
Ngaphambili, kwinkqubo yeyunithi yobunjineli, intloko yayisetyenziselwa ukumela amandla asebenzayo afunyenwe yiyunithi ubunzima bolwelo emva kokudlula kwimpompo, eyayimelwe ngumqondiso H, kunye neyunithi kgf · m / kgf okanye m. ikholamu yolwelo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwentloko yamandla h kunye nentloko H yile:
h=Hg
Apho, g – isantya somxhuzulane, ixabiso yi-9.81m/s².
Intloko yeyona parameter yokusebenza kwevane pump.Ngenxa yokuba intloko ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uxinzelelo lokukhutshwa kwempompo ye-vane, olu phawu lubaluleke kakhulu kwiimpompo zekhemikhali.Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yeekhemikhali kunye neemfuno zomenzi, ezi mfuno zilandelayo zicetywayo zokunyuswa kwempompo.
① Intloko yempompo igqitywe ngoxinzelelo lokukhutshwa kunye noxinzelelo lokufunxa lwempompo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza zokuveliswa kweekhemikhali.
② Ubuninzi bentloko efunekayo yintloko yempompo xa iimeko zokuvelisa iikhemikhali zitshintsha kwaye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokukhupha (uxinzelelo lokufunxa luhlala lungatshintshi) lunokufuneka.
Ukunyuswa kwempompo yekhemikhali inempompo iya kuba kukunyuswa ngaphantsi kokuhamba okuphezulu okufunekayo kwimveliso yeekhemikhali.
③ Ukunyuswa kwempompo kubhekiselele ekuphakanyisweni kwempompo ye-vane phantsi komlinganiselo we-impeller, isantya esilinganiselweyo, ukufunxa okuthelekelelayo kunye noxinzelelo lokukhupha, olugqitywe lwaqinisekiswa ngumenzi wempompo, kwaye ixabiso lokuphakamisa liyalingana okanye likhulu kunokuphakama okuqhelekileyo okusebenzayo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixabiso layo lilingana nokuphakama okuphezulu okufunekayo.
④ Vala intloko yempompo ye-vane xa ukuhamba kunoziro.Ibhekiselele kumlinganiselo ophakamileyo wokuphakanyiswa kwempompo ye-vane.Ngokuqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lokukhutshwa phantsi kolu nyuso lumisela ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo boxinzelelo olusebenzayo lweendawo ezithwele uxinzelelo ezifana nomzimba wempompo.
Intloko yamandla (intloko) yempompo luphawu oluphambili lweparameter yempompo.Umenzi wempompo uya kubonelela ngentloko yamandla okuhamba (intloko) ijiko kunye nokuhamba kwempompo njengoguquko oluzimeleyo.
4. Uxinzelelo lokufunxa
Ibhekisela kuxinzelelo lwe-liquid ehanjiswayo engena kwimpompo, echongwa yimeko yokuvelisa imichiza kwimveliso yeekhemikhali.Uxinzelelo lokufunxa lwempompo kufuneka lube lukhulu kunoxinzelelo lomphunga ogcweleyo wolwelo oluza kumponthwa kubushushu bokumpompa.Ukuba iphantsi koxinzelelo lomphunga ogcweleyo, ipompo iya kuvelisa i-cavitation.
Kwimpompo ye-vane, kuba intloko yayo yamandla (intloko) ixhomekeke kwidayamitha ye-impeller kunye nesantya sempompo, xa uxinzelelo lokufunxa lutshintsha, uxinzelelo lokukhutshwa kwempompo ye-vane luya kutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo.Ngoko ke, uxinzelelo lokufunxa lwempompo ye-vane aluyi kudlula ubuninzi bexabiso loxinzelelo lokufunxa oluvumelekileyo ukunqanda umonakalo ogqithisileyo wempompo obangelwa yimpompo yokukhupha uxinzelelo olungaphezu koxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lokukhupha.
Kwimpompo yokufuduka efanelekileyo, ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lwalo lokukhutshwa luxhomekeke kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokuphela kwempompo, xa ukutshintshwa koxinzelelo lwempompo, ukuhlukana koxinzelelo lwempompo yokufuduka efanelekileyo kuya kutshintsha, kwaye amandla afunekayo aya kutshintsha.Ke ngoko, uxinzelelo lokufunxa lwempompo yokufuduka elungileyo alunakuba luphantsi kakhulu ukuphepha ukugcwala ngenxa yomahluko ogqithisileyo woxinzelelo lwempompo.
Uxinzelelo lokufunxa olulinganisiweyo lwempompo luphawulwe kwi-nameplate yempompo ukulawula uxinzelelo lokufunxa lwempompo.
5. Amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle
Amandla ompompo ahlala ebhekisa kumandla okufaka, oko kukuthi, amandla e-shaft adluliselwe ukusuka kwi-prime mover ukuya kwi-shaft ejikelezayo, echazwe kwiisimboli, kwaye iyunithi yi-W okanye i-KW.
Amandla emveliso yempompo, oko kukuthi, amandla afunyenwe ngolwelo ngexesha leyunithi, abizwa ngokuba ngamandla asebenzayo P. P=qmh=pgqvH
Apho, P - amandla asebenzayo, W;
Qm - ukuhamba kobunzima, kg / s;Qv - ukuhamba kwevolumu, m ³/ s.
Ngenxa yeelahleko ezahlukeneyo zempompo ngexesha lokusebenza, akunakwenzeka ukuguqula yonke igalelo lamandla ngumqhubi kwimpumelelo yolwelo.Umahluko phakathi kombane we-shaft kunye namandla asebenzayo amandla alahlekileyo epompo, alinganiswa ngamandla asebenzayo epompo, kwaye ixabiso layo lilingana neP esebenzayo.
Umlinganiselo womlinganiselo kunye namandla e-shaft, angala: (1-4)
Isidumbu P.
Ukusebenza kwempompo kubonisa kwakhona ubungakanani begalelo lamandla e-shaft ngempompo esetyenziswa ngulwelo.
6. Isantya
Inani lee-revolutions ngomzuzu we-pump shaft ibizwa ngokuba yi-speed, ebonakaliswa ngumqondiso n, kunye neyunithi r / min.Kwinkqubo yomgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe yeeyunithi (iyunithi yesantya e-St yi-s-1, oko kukuthi, i-Hz. Isantya esilinganiselwe sempompo sisantya apho impompo ifikelela khona ukuhamba okulinganiselwe kunye nentloko elinganisiweyo phantsi kobukhulu obulinganisiweyo (olunjalo). njengedayimitha ye-impeller yempompo ye-vane, i-plunger idayamitha yempompo ephindaphindayo, njl.).
Xa isantya esisisigxina sempompo esisigxina (esifana nemoto) sisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo ipompo ye-vane, isantya esilinganisiweyo sempompo siyafana nesantya esilinganisiweyo somqhubi wokuqala.
Xa iqhutywe yi-prime mover enesantya esilungelelanisiweyo, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ipompo ifikelela kwisantya esilinganisiweyo kunye nentloko elinganisiweyo kwisantya esilinganiselweyo, kwaye inokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ixesha elide kwi-105% yesantya esilinganisiweyo.Esi santya sibizwa ngokuba sesona santya siphezulu siqhubekayo.Isantya esilungelelaniswayo esisentloko siya kuba nesantya esigqithileyo sokuvalwa kwendlela.Isantya sokuvala ngokuzenzekelayo yi-120% yesantya esilinganiselwe sempompo.Ngoko ke, impompo iyadingeka ukuba ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-120% yesantya sayo esilinganiselweyo ixesha elifutshane.
Kwimveliso yeekhemikhali, isantya esiguquguqukayo se-prime mover sisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba impompo ye-vane, ekulungele ukutshintsha imeko yokusebenza yempompo ngokuguqula isantya sempompo, ukuze ulungelelanise nokutshintsha kweemeko zemveliso yeekhemikhali.Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwempompo kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno ezingentla.
Isantya esijikelezayo sompompo wokufuduka okulungileyo siphantsi (isantya esijikelezayo sompompo obuyiselayo ngokuqhelekileyo singaphantsi kwe-200r / min; isantya esijikelezayo sepompo ye-rotor singaphantsi kwe-1500r / min), ngoko ke i-prime mover enesantya esisisigxina esijikelezayo sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Emva kokuncitshiswa ngukunciphisa, isantya sokusebenza sempompo sinokufikelelwa, kwaye isantya sempompo sinokutshintshwa ngokusebenzisa irhuluneli yesantya (njenge-hydraulic torque converter) okanye ukulawulwa kwesantya sokuguqulwa kwesantya ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeekhemikhali. iimeko zemveliso.
7. NPSH
Ukuze kuthintelwe i-cavitation yempompo, ixabiso elongezelelweyo lamandla (uxinzelelo) olongeziweyo ngesiseko samandla (uxinzelelo) lwexabiso le-liquid eliphefumulayo libizwa ngokuba yi-cavitation allowance.
Kwiiyunithi zokuvelisa iikhemikhali, ukuphakama kolwelo ekupheleni kokufunxa kwempompo kudla ngokunyuka, oko kukuthi, uxinzelelo lwe-static lwekholamu yolwelo lusetyenziswa njengamandla ongezelelweyo (uxinzelelo), kwaye iyunithi yikholomu yolwelo lwemitha.Kwisicelo esisebenzayo, kukho iindidi ezimbini zeNPSH: i-NPSH efunekayo kunye ne-NPSHa esebenzayo.
(1) NPSH efunekayo,
Ngokwenene, kukuhla koxinzelelo lwe-fluid ehanjiswayo emva kokudlula kwi-inlet yempompo, kwaye ixabiso layo lichongwa yimpompo ngokwayo.Ixabiso elincinci kukuba, encinci ilahleko yokumelana nempompo yokungena.Ngoko ke, i-NPSH lixabiso elincinci le-NPSH.Xa ukhetha iimpompo zamakhemikhali, i-NPSH yepompo kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zeempawu zolwelo eziza kuhanjiswa kunye neemeko zokufakelwa kwempompo.I-NPSH nayo yimeko ebalulekileyo yokuthenga xa u-odola iimpompo zamachiza.
(2) I-NPSH esebenzayo.
Ibonisa eyona NPSH emva kokuba impompo ifakiwe.Eli xabiso lichongwa yimiqathango yokufakela ipompo kwaye ayinanto yakwenza nompompo ngokwawo
NPSH.Ixabiso malibe likhulu kune NPSH -.Ngokubanzi NPSH.≥ (NPSH＋0.5m)
8. Ubushushu obuphakathi
Ubushushu obuphakathi bubhekisa kubushushu bolwelo olugqithisiweyo.Ubushushu bezinto ezingamanzi kwimveliso yeekhemikhali zinokufikelela-200 ℃ kubushushu obuphantsi kunye ne-500 ℃ kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu.Ngoko ke, impembelelo yobushushu obuphakathi kwiimpompo zekhemikhali zivelele ngakumbi kuneempompo eziqhelekileyo, kwaye yenye yeeparitha ezibalulekileyo zeepompo zamachiza.Ukuguqulwa kokuhamba kobuninzi kunye nokuhamba komthamo weempompo zamachiza, ukuguqulwa koxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kunye nentloko, ukuguqulwa kokusebenza kompompo xa umenzi wempompo eqhuba iimvavanyo zokusebenza ngamanzi acocekileyo kwindawo yokushisa kunye nokuthutha izinto zangempela, kwaye ukubalwa kwe-NPSH kufuneka kubandakanye. iiparamitha ezibonakalayo ezifana nobuninzi, i-viscosity, uxinzelelo lomphunga ogcweleyo we-medium.Ezi parameters zitshintsha kunye nobushushu.Kuphela ngokubala kunye namaxabiso achanekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa kunokufumaneka iziphumo ezichanekileyo.Kwiindawo ezithwele uxinzelelo ezifana nomzimba wempompo yempompo yeekhemikhali, ixabiso loxinzelelo lwezinto zalo kunye novavanyo loxinzelelo luya kumiselwa ngokoxinzelelo kunye nobushushu.I-corrosivity ye-liquid ehanjiswayo nayo ihambelana nobushushu, kunye nemathiriyeli yempompo kufuneka inqunywe ngokwe-corrosivity yempompo kwiqondo lokushisa lokusebenza.Ubume kunye nendlela yokufakela iimpompo ziyahluka ngobushushu.Kwiimpompo ezisetyenziswe kumaqondo aphezulu kunye namaqondo aphantsi, impembelelo yoxinzelelo lweqondo lokushisa kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa (ukusebenza kwempompo kunye nokuvala) ekuchanekeni kokufakela kufuneka kuncitshiswe kwaye kususwe kwisakhiwo, indlela yokufakela kunye neminye imiba.Ubume kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-pump shaft seal kunye nokuba isixhobo esincedisayo sesitywina se-shaft siyafuneka kwakhona kuya kugqitywa ngokuqwalasela ubushushu bempompo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-27-2022